Based on the principle that heat flows naturally from warmer areas to cooler areas, the refrigeration cycle consists of seven stages:
1. Compression of hot gas
2. Cooling
3. Condensing
4. Subcooling
5. Expansion
6. Evaporation
7. Super heating
A basic vapor compression refrigeration system consists of four primary components: a metering device (e.g., a capillary tube, fixed orifice/piston, or a thermostatic expansion valve), evaporator, compressor, and condenser.
The refrigeration system. In a typical refrigeration system, the compressor sends hot gas to the condenser. Then the condensed liquid passes through an expansion valve into the evaporator where it evaporates and collects heat from the area to be cooled. The gaseous refrigerant then enters the compressor where the compression process raises the pressure and temperature. From the compressor, the refrigerant is routed back to the condenser and the cycle repeats.
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